剑桥雅思8听力：Test4雅思听力Section4真题及解析

　　SECTION 4

　　Good morning, everyone. I've been invited to talk about my research project into Australian original rock paintings. The Australian Aborigines have recorded both real and symbol images of their time on rock walls for many thousands of years. Throughout the long history of this tradition, new images have appeared and new painting styles have developed. And these characteristics can be used to categorise the different artistic styles. Among these are what we call the Dynamic, Yam and Modern styles of painting One of the most significant characteristics of the different styles is the way that humans are depicted in the paintings. The more recent paintings show people in static poses. But the  first human images to dominate rock art paintings, over 8, 000 years ago, were full of movement. These paintings showed people hunting and cooking food and so they were given the name Dynamic' to reflect this energy It's quite amazing considering they were painted in such a simple stick-like form. In the Yam period, there was a movement away from stick figures to a more naturalistic shape. However, they didn't go as far as the red much curvier figure vegetable called a yam, which is similar to a sweet potato. The Modern paintings are interesting because they include paintings at the time of the first contact with Europear set ttlers. Aborigines managed to convey the idea of the settlers' clothing by simply painting.

　　the Europeans without any hands, indicating the habit of standing with their hands in their pockets! Size is another characteristic. The more recent images tend to be life size or evenlarger, but the Dynamic figures are painted in miniature Aboriginal rock art also records the environmental changes that occurred over thousands of years. For example, we know from the Dynamic paintings that over 8,000 years ago, Aborigines would have rarely eaten fish and sea levels were much lower at this time. In  fact, fish didn t start to appear in paintings until the Yam period along with shells and other marine images. The paintings of the Yam tradition also suggest that, during this time, the Aborigines moved away from animals as their main food source and began including vegetables in their diet, as these feature prominently. Freshwater creatures didnt appear in the paintings until the Modern period from 4,000 years ago So, these paintings have already taught us a lot. But one image that has always intrigued us is known as the 'Rainbow Serpent. The Rainbow Serpent, which is the focus of my most recent project, gets its name from its snake or serpent-like body and it first appearedin the Yam period 4 to 6,000 years ago. Many believe it is a curious mixture of kangaroo,snake and crocodile. But we decided to study the Rainbow Serpent paintings to see if wecould locate the animal that the very first painters based their image on.

　　The Yam period coincided with the end of the last ice age. This brought about tremendouschange in the environment, with the sea levels rising and creeping steadily inland. Thisflooded many familiar land features and also caused a great deal of disruption to traditionalpatterns of life, hunting in particular. New shores were formed and totally different creatureswould have washed up onto the shores. We studied 107 paintings of the Rainbow Serpentand found that the one creature that matches it most closely was the Ribboned Pipefish,wihis a poesoe sasorse rs seareuwudla be ea o alniaiaighintthe inland regions where the image is found and may have been the inspiration behind theearly paintings.

　　So, at the end of the ice age there would have been enormous changes in animal and plantlife. It's not surprising then, that the Aborigines linked this abundance to the new creaturesthey witnessed. Even today. Aborigines see the Rainbow Serpent as a symbol of creation.which is understandable given the increase in vegetation and the new life forms thatfeatured when the image first appeared.

　　第 4 节

　　大家早上好我被邀请谈谈我的澳大利亚研究项目原始岩画。澳大利亚原住民记录了真实和象征他们的时间在岩壁上几千年的图像。纵观悠久的历史在这个传统中，出现了新的图像，发展了新的绘画风格。和这些特征可以用来分类不同的艺术风格。在这些是什么，我们称之为动态，任和现代风格的绘画不同风格最重要的特征之一是人类在绘画中描绘。最近的画以静态的姿势展示人们。但个人类图像主宰岩画，超过8000年前，充满了运动。这些画显示人们狩猎和烹饪食物，所以他们给名字动态'反映这种能量这是相当惊人的，考虑到他们是画在这样一个简单的棍子一样的形式。在任期间，有一个运动离开从粘性人物到更自然的形状。然而，他们没有去远到红色多弯曲的数字蔬菜叫山药，类似于红薯。现代绘画是有趣， 因为他们包括绘画时， 次接触欧洲设置特勒斯。原住民通过简单地绘画来传达定居者服装的想法。欧洲人没有任何手，表明站在他们的手的习惯口袋!大小是另一个特点。最近的图像往往是生活大小，甚至更大，但动态数字画成微型土著岩石艺术也记录了数千年发生的环境变化。年。例如，我们从动态绘画中知道，8000多年前，原住民很少吃鱼，此时海平面要低得多。

　　事实上， 鱼没有开始出现在绘画， 直到 Yam 时期， 以及贝壳和其他海洋图像。任传统的绘画也表明，在此期间，原住民远离动物作为他们的主要食物来源，并开始包括蔬菜在他们的饮食，因为这些突出的特点。淡水生物没有出现在绘画，直到现代从4000年前所以，这些画已经教会了我们。但一个一直感兴趣的图像我们被称为"彩虹蛇"。彩虹蛇，这是我的焦点它的名字来源于它的蛇或像蛇的身体，它最早出现在4到6000年前的Yam时期。许多人认为它是袋鼠、蛇和鳄鱼的奇特混合体。但我们决定研究彩虹蛇的绘画，看看我们能否找到批画家所画的动物。

　　山药时期与上一个冰川期的结束相吻合。这给环境带来了巨大的变化，海平面不断上升并向内陆蔓延。这淹没了许多熟悉的地形，也对传统的生活模式造成了很大的破坏，尤其是狩猎。新的海岸形成，完全不同的生物会被上海岸。我们研究了107幅彩虹蛇的绘画，发现与之最匹配的生物是彩带尖嘴鱼，在内陆地区发现了这幅图像，这可能是早期绘画的灵感来源。

　　因此，在冰河时代末期，动植物的生活将发生巨大的变化。因此，原住民将这种丰富与他们目睹的新物种联系起来就不足为奇了。即使是今天。原住民将彩虹蛇视为造物的象征，这是可以理解的，因为当这幅图像次出现时，植被和新的生命形式的增加。

　　剑桥雅思8听力答案解析-Test4Section4：

　　SECTION 4

　　谈话场景 :关于澳大利亚土著居民岩石绘画的讲座 人物关系 :和学生

　　交际与语言表达

　　1. 本部分采用独白(monologue)的形式,介绍澳大利亚土著居民的岩石绘画。I’ve been in- vited to talk about my research project into Australian Aboriginal rock paintings.(我应邀来 此,与大家聊一聊我的研究项目——澳大利亚土著居民的岩石绘画。)be invited to do sth. 意为“应邀做某事”,be asked to do sth. 也表示相同的意思。

　　2. 接下来这位研究者介绍了澳大利亚土著居民绘画的内容,The Australian Aborigines have recorded both real and symbolic images of their time on rock walls for many thousands of years(澳大利亚土著记录了他们当时真实的意象和象征性意象,将这些意象刻在岩石上, 并持续成千上万年)。本句使用了现在完成时态,表示记录这一动作已经完成。both... and... 意为“两个都......”;还有两个表示并列的短语,注意区分三者的意思 :either... or... 意为“要么......要么......”;neither...nor... 意为“既不......也不......”。

　　3. throughout the long history of this tradition 意为“贯穿这传统的历史长河”。

　　4. 随着时间的推移与发展,岩石绘画出现了新的意象与新的风格。And these characteristics can be used to categories the different artistic styles.(于是这些特征可以用来区分不同的艺 
术风格。)be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”。关于 use 还有其他几个短语需要记住, used to do 意为“过去常常”(暗指现在情况不一样),如 :He used to be a teacher. 他过去 是一名老师,但是现在不是了。be/get used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”,如 :I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。

　　5. Among these are what we call the Dynamic, Yam and Modern styles of painting.(我们所说 的动感的、山芋和现代的绘画风格也包含在这些艺术风格中。)among 是介词,意为“在...之中”,此句是介词短语前置的倒装,如:Atthefootofthemountainliesacrystalstream.

　　6. One of the most significant characteristics of the different styles is the way that humans are depicted in the paintings.(这些不同画风中的最重要的特色之一就是画面上描绘人类的方 式。)本句的主干是 one (of the most significant characteristics) is the way that ( 引导宾语从 句 ),虽然 characteristics 是复数,但是本句强调的是 one,因为谓语动词用 is ;the way 后 面接从句有三种情况 :是 the way that(从句);第二是 the way in which(从句);第 三是 the way 后直接跟句子。

　　7. 距离现在最近的绘画展现的是人类静止时的状态;然而the first human images to dominate rock art paintings, over 8,000 years ago, were full of movement.(8000 多年前出现在岩石绘 画中最早的主要的人类意象却是人们运动时的状态)。be full of 意为“充满”,full 是形容词;

　　be full of = be filled with,后者也是“充满”的意思。

　　8. The Yam style of painting got its name from the fact that it featured much curvier figures 
that actually resemble the vegetable called a yam, which is similar to a sweet potato.(Yam 画 风得名的原因在于绘画中以身体的曲线为特征,这些曲线与山芋很相似,山芋就是甘薯。) the fact that 中的 that 引导同位语从句,后面的解释都是 fact 的内容 ;curvier figures that 中的 that 引导定语从句,限定修饰 figures ;而最后的 which is similar to a sweet potato 是 非限定性定语从句,补充说明 yam。

　　9. 现代绘画风格很有趣因为它们记录的是与欧洲殖民者的最初交流情况。Aborigines man- aged to convey the idea of the settlers’ clothing by simply painting the Europeans without any hands, indicating the habit of standing with their hands in their pockets!(土著居民设法 传递关于殖民者的服饰信息,在画上这些欧洲人没有手,暗指他们在站立的时候习惯把手 插在口袋里。)by simply painting 是一个介词短语,表示方式 ;indicating the habit... 这个 分词短语表目的。

　　10. Aborigines would have rarely eaten fish and sea level were much lower at this time.(彼时海 平面低得多,土著居民不可能吃到鱼。)此处 would have eaten 是虚拟语气,指可能吃到鱼 但是实际上没吃到 ;但是 rarely 是“几乎不”的意思,表示否定,所以句意相反,土著居 民不可能吃到鱼但是实际上吃到了鱼。在听力或阅读中必须注意这样的小词,除了 rarely, 还有 hardly 也是表示“几乎不”的意思。

　　11. Yam 时期正好赶上最后一个冰河世纪的末期,this brought about tremendous change in the environment, with the sea levels rising and creeping steadily inland(这导致了环境发生了翻 天覆地的变化,海平面不断上升并且向内陆蔓延)。bring about 意为“导致、引起”;with sth. doing 介词短语结构表示伴随情况,sth. 与动作 do 是主动关系,另外还可以用 with sth. done / with sth. to do 这两种形式,如 :with my hair cut / with a lot of homework to do。

　　师资点题剑桥雅思8听力：

　　考题解析

　　Questions 31-36 答案 C B C A B B

　　听前预测 :遇到 matching 题时,要提前关注以下几点 :

　　(1)提前判断题干和选项的变化关系 ;

　　(2)看清题目和选项的数量,确定好搭配关系 ;

　　(3)注意选项关键词,本题选项的关键词分别为 bones、rounded figures、parts missing、smaller than life size、sea creatures、plants。 题目解析 :本题只有三个选项,每个选项只有一个单词,故选项几乎不可能同义替换,所以 要重点关注题干的同义替换。另外,文章按照题号顺序发展。题干和原文同义替换分别为 bones—skeleton、rounded figures—curvier figures、life size—size、sea creatures—fish, shells, marine、plants—vegetables,只需听清替换,即可选出正确答案。

　　Question 37

　　答案 animal / creature

　　听前预测 :定位词为 aim of project,提示词为 the,此处应填名词。

　　题目解析 :本题难度较大,不容易定位,定位词 aim of project 在原文中替换为 focus of project ;通过 But we decided to study the Rainbow Serpent paintings to see if we could locate the animal that the very first painters based their image on 可推断其中的核心名词 animal 为本 题的正确答案。注意 :but 之后往往是出题句。

　　Question 38

　　答案 sea / water level(s)

　　听前预测 :定位词为 environmental changes,提示词为 higher,此处应填名词。

　　题目解析 :根据定位词找到文章出题点,注意题干与原文的同义替换,即 higher—rising,故 sea levels 为本题的答案。

　　Question 39

　　答案 hunting

　　听前预测 :定位词为 traditional activities,提示词为 especially,此处应填名词。

　　题目解析 :本题难度不大,所听即所得,注意题干与原文的同义替换,即 traditional patterns —traditional activities,especially—in particular,故 hunting 为本题答案。

　　Question 40

　　答案 creation

　　听前预测 :定位词为 unusual、inland areas,提示词为 symobolises,此处应填名词。

　　题目解析:本题难点在于不容易进行定位,特别要注意题干与原文的同义替换,即symbolises—symbol。正确定位后所听即所得,creation 为本题的答案。