剑桥雅思7听力：Test2雅思听力Section4真题+答案+解析

       新航道雅思为各位考生准备了：剑桥雅思7听力Test1Section4真题解析，我们一起来看看吧！

　　My topic is handedness - whether in different sports it is better to be left- or right-sided orwhether a more balanced approach is more successful. I'm left- -handed myself and l actuallydidn't see any relevance to my own life when I happened to start reading an article by a sportspsychologist called Peter Matthews. He spent the first part of the article talking about

　　handedness in music instead of sport, which I have to say almost put me off from readingfurther. But what I soon became struck by was the sheer volume of both observation andinvestigation he had done in many different sports and I felt persuaded that what he had tosay would be of real interest. I think Matthews' findings will be beneficial, not so much inhelping sportspeople to work on their weaker side, but more that they can help them

　　identify the most suitable strategies to use in a given game. Although most trainers knowhow important handedness is, at present they are rather reluctant to make use of the

　　insights scientists like Matthews can give, which I think is rather short-sighted because

　　focusing on individual flexibility is only part of the story.

　　Anyway, back to the article.

　　Matthews found a German study which looked at what he called 'mixed-handedness, that is,the capacity to use both left and right hands equally. It looked at mixed-handedness in 40musicians on a variety of instruments. Researchers examined a number of variables, e.g. typeof instrument played, regularity of practice undertaken and length of time playing

　　instrument . . . and found the following: keyboard players had high levels of mixed-

　　handedness, whereas string players like cellists and violinists strongly favoured one hand.Also those who started younger were more mixed-handed.

　　Matthews also reports studies of handedness in apes. Apes get a large proportion of theirfood by fishing' ants from ant hills. The studies show that apes, like humans, show

　　handedness - though for them right- and left- handedness is about equal, whereas about 85%of humans are right-handed. Studies showed that apes consistently using the same hand

　　fished out 30% more ants than those varying between the two.

　　Matthews started researching several different sports and found different types of handednessin each. By the way, he uses 'handedness' to refer to the dominant side for feet and eyes aswell as hands. Anyway, his team measured the hand, feet and eyes of 2,611 players and foundthat there were really three main types of laterality: mixed - you work equally well on bothsides - both hand and eye; single - you tend to favour one side but both hand and eye favourthe same side; and cross-laterality - a player's hands and eyes favour only one side but theyare opposite sides. Let's start with hockey. Matthews found that it was best to be mixed-handed - this is because a hockey stick must be deployed in two directions - it would be a

　　drawback to have hand or eye favouring one side. An interesting finding is that mixed-handedhockey players were significantly more confident than their single-handed counterparts.

　　Things are slightly different in racket sports like tennis. Here the important thing is to havethe dominant hand and eye on the one side. This means that there is a bigger area of visionon the side where most of the action occurs. If a player is cross lateral the racket is invisiblefrom the dominant eye for much of the swing. It means that they can only make correctionsmuch later . . . and often the damage has been done by then.

　　And moving to a rather different type of sport which involves large but precise movements -gymnastics. It's been found that cross hand-eye favouring is best. The predominant reason forthis is because it aids balance - which is of course absolutely central to performance in thissport.

　　我的话题是用手习惯——在不同的运动中，是用左手，还是用右手，或者更平衡的方法更成功。我自己是左撇子，当我碰巧开始读一篇体育心理学家彼得·马修斯写的文章时，我真的不觉得这和我自己的生活有任何关联。文章的部分他都在谈论

　　在音乐而不是运动中使用手性，我不得不说，这几乎让我无法继续阅读。但我很快被他在许多不同的运动中所做的大量观察和调查所震惊，我相信他所说的将是真正有趣的。我认为马修斯的发现将是有益的，与其说是帮助运动员克服他们的弱点，不如说他们可以帮助他们

　　确定在给定的游戏中使用的最合适的策略。虽然大多数教练都知道用手习惯的重要性，但目前他们还不太愿意使用

　　像马修斯这样的科学家能给出的见解，我认为是相当短视的，因为

　　关注个人的灵活性只是故事的一部分。

　　不管怎样，回到这篇文章。

　　马修斯发现了一项德国的研究，该研究着眼于他所谓的“左右手混合使用能力”，也就是平均使用左手和右手的能力。它观察了40名音乐家在不同乐器上的混合手性。研究人员考察了许多变量，如演奏乐器的类型、练习的规律性和演奏时间的长短

　　乐器…并发现:键盘演奏者有高水平的混合-

　　利手性，而弦乐演奏者如大提琴手和小提琴手则更喜欢用一只手。而且，那些较年轻开始学习的学生更笨手笨脚。

　　马修斯还报道了猿用手习惯的研究。猿类的大部分食物都是通过从蚁丘上捕蚂蚁来获得的。这些研究表明，类人猿和人类一样，表现得

　　用手习惯——尽管对他们来说，左手和右手习惯差不多，但是85%的人是右撇子。研究表明，猿始终使用同一只手

　　比这两种鱼类多钓了30%的蚂蚁。

　　马修斯开始研究几种不同的运动，发现每种运动都有不同类型的手势。顺便说一下，他用“利手”来指脚、眼睛和手的支配侧。不管怎么说，他的团队测量了2611名球员的手、脚和眼睛，发现了三种主要的侧边性:混合型——手和眼睛两边的动作都一样好;单身——你倾向于喜欢身体的一边，但手和眼睛都喜欢同一边;交叉侧边性——玩家的手和眼睛只偏向一边，但它们是相反的一边。让我们从曲棍球开始。马修斯发现，是两手并用——这是因为曲棍球棍必须朝两个方向部署——这将是一个难题

　　缺点有偏向一侧的手或眼。一个有趣的发现是，双手并用的曲棍球运动员明显比单手曲棍球运动员更自信。

　　在网球拍类运动中情况略有不同。这里最重要的是让占优势的手和眼睛在一边。这意味着在发生大多数动作的那一侧有更大的视野。如果一个球员是横向的，球拍在挥棒的大部分时间里是看不见的。这意味着他们只能在以后改正错误…通常到那时，损害已经造成。

　　然后转向另一种完全不同的运动，它需要大而精确的动作——体操。人们发现，交叉的手-眼偏爱是的。这样做的主要原因是它有助于平衡——这当然是这项运动中表现的核心。

　　考题精解

　　Question 31 C

　　通过题干分析，第31题考生需要锁定的信息是这个做课堂陈述的女生从什么时候开始意识到马修的文章有价值?录音中女生介绍说what I soon became struck by was the sheer volume of both observation and investigation he had done in many different sports … 对应选项信息the impressive size of his research project，确定答案为C。

　　Question 32 B

　　通过题干分析，第32题考生需要锁定的信息是女生认为这个左右手取向的研究发现对哪方面有价值?录音中女生介绍说not so much in helping sportspeople to work on their weaker side, but more that they can help them identify the most suitable strategies to use in a given game，对应选项信息aiding sportspeople as they plan tactics for each game，确定答案为B。

　　Question 33 C

　　通过题干分析，第33题考生需要锁定的信息是女生认为大多数教练是……?当录音中女生介绍说although most trainers know how important handedness is，trainer对应的是试卷上的coach，考生要意识到答案即将出现，女生接着介绍说at present they are rather reluctant to make use of the insights scientist like Matthews can give，对应选项信息aiding sportspeople as they plan tactics for each game，确定答案为C。

　　Question 34 A

　　通过题干分析，第34题考生需要锁定的信息是一个德国的实验发现在什么情况下音乐 家有左右手混用的取向?当录音中女生介绍说Matthews found a German study ... 考生应该意识到第34题的答案即将出现，接着女生介绍了演奏不同乐器的人对左右手的喜好，最后总结说also those who started younger were more mixed-handed，对应选项信息started playing instruments in early youth，确定答案为A。

　　Question 35 A

　　通过题干分析，第35题考生需要锁定的信息是猿行为的研究表明……?录音中，女生介绍说Matthews also reports studies of handedness in apes，考生要意识到答案即将出现，女生接着介绍说studies showed that apes consistently using the same hand fished out 30% more ants than those varying between the two，对应选项信息apes which always use the same hand to get food are most successful，确定答案为A。

　　Question 36 2 directions

　　从试卷已给出的信息可以确定，第36题应填写一个名词，录音中女生介绍说Let’s start with hockey，考生应意识到答案即将出现，this is because a hockey stick must be deployed in two direction，对应试卷上此题前后信息，答案为2 directions。本节的答案要求ONE WORD AND /OR A NUMBER，如果答案写成two directions，不符合字数要求，所以必须写成2 directions。

　　Question 37 confident

　　从试卷已给出的信息可知，第37题应填写一个多音节的形容词，因为前面的信息是much more ...，录音中女生介绍说an interesting finding is that mixed-handed hockey players are significantly more confident than their single-handed counterparts。significantly对应试卷上的much，答案锁定为confident。

　　Questions 38 vision

　　从试卷已给出的信息可知，第38题应填写一个名词，录音中女生介绍说things are slightly different in racket sports like tennis，考生应意识到第38题的答案即将出现。接着女生介绍说this means that there is a bigger area of vision on the side where most of the action occurs。bigger area of 对应试卷上的 larger relevant field of，答案锁定为vision。

　　Questions 39 corrections

　　从试卷已给出的信息可知，第39题应填写一个名词，录音中女生介绍说if a player is cross lateral the racket is invisible from the dominant eye for much of the swing. It means that they can only make corrections much later ... 对应试卷上此题前后信息，答案确定为corrections。

　　Questions 40 balance

　　通过对试卷已给出的信息可知，第40题应填写一个名词，录音中女生介绍说moving to a rather different type of sport which involves large but precise movements — gymnastics，考生应意识到第40题的答案即将出现，女生接着介绍说it’s been found that cross hand-eye favouring is best. The predominant reason for this is because it aids balance — which is of course absolutely central to performance in this sport。central对应important，答案锁定为balance。